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Explicit reciprocity law : ウィキペディア英語版 | Explicit reciprocity law In mathematics, an explicit reciprocity law is a formula for the Hilbert symbol of a local field. The name "explicit reciprocity law" refers to the fact that the Hilbert symbols of local fields appear in Hilbert's reciprocity law for the power residue symbol. The definitions of the Hilbert symbol are usually rather roundabout and can be hard to use directly in explicit examples, and the explicit reciprocity laws give more explicit expressions for the Hilbert symbol that are sometimes easier to use. There are also several explicit reciprocity laws for various generalizations of the Hilbert symbol to higher local fields, ''p''-divisible groups, and so on. ==History== gave an explicit formula for the Hilbert symbol (α,β) in the case of odd prime powers, for some special values of α and β when the field is the (cyclotomic) extension of the ''p''-adic numbers by a ''p''''n''th root of unity. extended the formula of Artin and Hasse to more cases of α and β, and and extended Iwasawa's work to Lubin–Tate extensions of local fields. gave an explicit formula for the Hilbert symbol for odd prime powers for general local fields. His formula was rather complicated which made it hard to use, and and found a simpler formula. simplified Vostokov's work and extended it to the case of even prime powers.
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